Because of studies of records from the Arabian Sea and that of the wind-blown dust in the Loess Plateau of China, many geologists believe the monsoon first became strong around 8 million years ago. Strengthening of the Asian monsoon has been linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau after the collision of the Indian subcontinent and Asia around 50 million years ago. The English monsoon came from Portuguese monção ultimately from Arabic موسم ( mawsim, "season"), "perhaps partly via early modern Dutch monson". The etymology of the word monsoon is not wholly certain. Etymology Monsoon clouds over Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India The term was first used in English in British India and neighboring countries to refer to the big seasonal winds blowing from the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea in the southwest bringing heavy rainfall to the area. The major monsoon systems of the world consist of the West African, Asia–Australian, the North American, and South American monsoons. The term is also sometimes used to describe locally heavy but short-term rains. Usually, the term monsoon is used to refer to the rainy phase of a seasonally changing pattern, although technically there is also a dry phase. A monsoon ( / m ɒ n ˈ s uː n/) is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.
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